Smart grid and energy storage Pakistan

Why is smart grid usage difficult in Pakistan?

The smart grid usage in Pakistan is challenging because transmission network in Pakistan is not reliable. Whereas, the smart grid can only be connected to the main grid when the phase conditions are compatible and synchronized with the main grid.

Which technology is required for a smart transmission grid in Pakistan?

Smart networks like IEEE 802.11 based wireless LAN, IEEE 802.15 based ZigBee, IEEE 802.16 based WiMAX, DASH 7, Power Line Communication (PLC), and 3G/4G GSM are required for the reliable and uninterruptible power transmission in smart transmission grid [ 72 ]. In Pakistan, outdated controlling methods are equipped in the system.

What is smart grid interoperability?

In light of above discussion, the smart grid interoperability (protocols and standards) are used and followed in designing and implementing a smart grid in Pakistan's electric network. This will provide sustainable energy development in the country and will help in creating an integrated energy management system.

Are SMART Technologies a viable solution for a sustainable grid?

Discusses the availability of smart technologies such as WCT, ICT, and EST that can integrate the smart grid infrastructure for sustainable operation and evaluated the energy resources in terms of availability. It is found that renewable sources and smart technologies are the best possible solution and are also supportive at grid stations.

Do energy planners value the implementation of a smart grid?

In-depth analysis has been performed by the NIST US DoC on the smart grid and examined that the energy planners, Governments of developing and developed countries, and stakeholders will value the implementation of a smart grid that brings improvements in the seven technical areas as listed in Table 2 [ 4, , , , ]. Table 2.

What is advanced smart grid infrastructure?

Advanced smart grid infrastructure means expanded communication and increased system complexity that easily makes the system vulnerable to cyber-attacks. The availability of millions of nodes in the smart communication network makes it unpredictable to anticipate the cyber-attack severity and quantity .